
Istanbul’s history dates back over 2,500 years, beginning as Byzantium, a Greek colony founded in the 7th century BCE. Later renamed Constantinople, it became the capital of the Eastern Roman and Byzantine Empires, flourishing as a center of trade and culture. In 1453, the Ottomans, led by Sultan Mehmed II, conquered the city, marking the rise of Istanbul as the Ottoman Empire’s grand capital. The city thrived with magnificent mosques, palaces, and bazaars. Today, Istanbul remains a living testament to its storied past, where ancient empires meet a modern, bustling cityscape.